The End of Pure Science: Science Policy from Bayh-Dole to the NNI
نویسنده
چکیده
The science policy of the United States federal government has undergone a series of changes in emphasis since the Second World War. Most of the debate about what federal science policy should be, has focused on two questions – what is the role of science and technology in national security and what is the role of science and technology in economic growth. This paper details the shift from military to economic motives for American science from 1980 through the turn of the century. While this shift was caused in part by the end of the Cold War, the economic challenges of the late 1970s and early 1980s first laid the ground for a new kind of federal involvement in scientific research as an economic engine. This new economically driven science policy has culminated in the National Nanotechnology Initiative of 2000.
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